Implementasi Ballast Water Management Di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang : Strategi dan Model Pengelolaan

Apriyanto Budhi Wibowo; Hugi Cerlyawati

doi:10.61132/lokawati.v2i3.887

Authors

Apriyanto Budhi Wibowo Universitas Pandanaran
Hugi Cerlyawati Universitas Dian Nuswantoro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61132/lokawati.v2i3.887

Keywords:

Ballast Water, Commercial Ships, SWOT Analysis, BWM Implementation, Models and Strategies

Abstract

The discharge of ballast water by commercial vessels impacted on the development of non-native species and the spread of heavy metal. In this research, descriptive methodology was applied whose research sample was obtained by random sampling method. Questionnaire and interviews were employed as the data collection method. In order to identify the strategy, the data were then analyzed by using SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat). The research was aimed to formulate the model and strategy in the implementation of BWM (Ballast Water Management). BWM had been analyzed and applied to determine an appropriate model for ballast water treatment. In this case, the Harbour Master and Port Authority Office of Tanjung Emas can possibly apply a defensive strategy. This strategy emphasizes on the improvement of Port State Control (PSC) and penalties. In order to maintain the vessel stability, container vessels, passanger vessels, and ro-ro vessels are recommended to apply freshwater within their ballast tanks. Moreover, a ballast water treatment facility has also been provided by the port administrator, Pelindo III, for bulk carrier vessels and tankers to discharge their ballast water.

References

Alvsvag J., Agnalt A.-L., Jorstad K.E. 2009Evidence for a permanent establishment of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea. Biology Invasions 11 : 587-595, doi 10.1007/s10530-008-9273-7.

Bradie J.N., Bailey S.A., van der Velde G., MacIsaac H., 2010 Brine-induced mortality of non-indigenous invertebrates in residual ballast water. Marine Pollution Bulletin 70 : 395-401, doi:10.1016.

Elkady H., Duanfeng H., Lianggao G., 2014 The alternatives of ballast water system. Applied Mechanics and Materials 627 : 347-352, doi:10.428.

Hidayat A.S., 2017 Problem analysis and development strategy of shrimp culture in Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux 10 (4) : 850-860.

Lasse D.A., 2014 [Manajemen Kepelabuhanan]. PT Raja Grafindo Persada,Jakarta, ...pp. [in Indonesian]

Liu T-K., Chang C-H., Chou M-L., 2013 Management strategies to prevent the introduction of non-indigenous aquatic species in response to the Ballast Water Convention in Taiwan. Marine Policy, http ://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.08.023.

Mamlook R., Badran O., Abu-Bakar M.M., Holdo A., Dales J., 2008 Fuzzy sets analysis for ballast water treatment sytems : best avalaible control technology. Clean Techn Environ Policy 10:397-407.

Maw M.M., Wang J., Li F., Li F., Jiang J., Song Y., Pan X., 2015 Novel electrokinetic microfluidic detector for evaluating effectiveness of microalgae disinfection in ship ballast water. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16 : 25560-25575, doi:10.3390/ijms161025560.

Nghiem L.T.P., Soliman T., Yeo D.C.J., Tan H.T.W., Evans T.A., Mumford J.D., Keller R.P., Baker R.H.A., Corlett R.T., Carrasco L.R., 2013 Economic and environmental impacts of harmful non-indigenous species in Southeast Asia. Plosone 8 (8) : 1-9.

Pelindo III (Pelabuhan Indonesia) Cabang Tanjung Emas., 2012 Tanjung Emas Port Directory.Dwitama Wukirindo, Semarang.

Pelindo III (PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia III) Cabang Tanjung Emas., 2014 Surat edaran Nomor SE.11/PU.03/TMS-2014 tentang penyesuaian tarif layanan kapal dan barang di lingkungan PT Pelabuhan Indonesia III (Persero) Cabang Tanjung Emas.

Pereira N.N., Brinati H.L., 2012 Onshore ballast water treatment : a viable option for major ports. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64 : 2296-2304.

Primo C., Hewitt C.L., Campbell M.L., 2010 Reproductive phenology of the introduced kelp Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) in port Phillip Bay (Victoria, Australia). Biological Invasions12 : 3081-3092.

Quilez-Badia G., McCollin T., Josefsen K.D., Vourdachas A., Gill M.E., Mesbahi E., Frid C.L.J., 2008On board short-time high temperature heat treatment of ballast water : a field trial under operational conditions. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56 : 127-135, doi:10.1016.

Rangkuti F., 1997 [Teknik membedah kasus bisnis : analisis SWOT, cara perhitungan bobot, rating, dan OCAI]. Gramedia Utama, Jakarta, 240 pp. [in Indonesian]

Rangkuti F., 2011 [SWOT balanced scorecard, teknik menyusun strategi korporat yang efektif plus cara mengelola kinerja dan risiko]. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, 274 pp. [in Indonesian]

Rangkuti F., 2015 [Personal SWOT analysis, peluang di balik setiap kesulitan]. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, 211 pp. [in Indonesian]

Satir T., 2014 Ballast water treatment systems: design, regulations, and selection under the choice varying priorities. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:10686-10695.

Somantri A., Muhidin S.A., 2006 [Aplikasi statistika dalam penelitian]. Pustaka Setia, Bandung, 385 pp. [in Indonesian]

Sukardi., 2003 [Metodologi penelitian pendidikan, kompetensi dan praktiknya]. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta, pp. 219. [in Indonesian]

Tjahjono A., Bambang A.N., Anggoro S., 2016 Analysis of heavy metal content of Cd and Zn in ballast water tank of commercial vessels in port of Tanjung Emas Semarang, Central Java Province. IOP Publishing, IOP Conf. Series : Earth and Environmental Science 55 : 012024, doi : 10.1088/1755-1315/55/1/012024.

Tjahjono A., Bambang A.N., Anggoro S., 2017 Analysis of heavy metal content of Pb in ballast water tank of commercial vessels in port of Tanjung Emas Semarang, Indonesia. Journal of Ecological Engineering 18 (2) : 7-11.

Tjahjono A., Bambang A.N., Anggoro S., 2017 The impact of ballast water disposal of commercial vessels, diversity of species and tide time in the west monsoon in port of Tanjung Emas Semarang. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 10 (1) : 80-89.

Tjahjono A., Bambang A.N., Anggoro S., 2018 Plankton and heavy metal correlation from commercial vessels in port of Tanjueng Emas Semarang. E3S Web of Conference 31(06004) : 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183106004.