Niat Brain Brain pada Fresh Graduate
Studi Kasus Tren #KaburAjaDulu di Wilayah Jabodetabek 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/maeswara.v4i3.2586Keywords:
#KaburAjaDulu, Brain Drain Intention, Generation Z, Pull Factors, Push FactorsAbstract
The increasing popularity of the #KaburAjaDulu trend on social media has intensified concerns regarding the potential brain drain among Generation Z fresh graduates in Indonesia. This phenomenon reflects the growing intention of young talents to seek better career opportunities, higher living standards, and broader self-development prospects abroad. This study aims to examine the influence of push factors and pull factors on brain drain intentions and their subsequent impact on the #KaburAjaDulu phenomenon among fresh graduates in the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). A quantitative research approach was employed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), with data collected through an online survey of 100 Generation Z fresh graduates. The findings reveal that both push factors and pull factors have positive and significant effects on brain drain intentions. Furthermore, brain drain intentions significantly influence support for the #KaburAjaDulu movement. The study also confirms that brain drain acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between push and pull factors and the #KaburAjaDulu phenomenon. These findings highlight the importance of improving employment quality, career development opportunities, employee welfare, and overall quality of life in Indonesia to reduce the tendency of talent migration among young graduates.
Downloads
References
Baruch, Y., Grimland, S., & Vaiman, V. (2021). Millennials' intentions to migrate: The role of career adaptability and employability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 123, 103492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103492
Beine, M., Bierlaire, M., & Schubert, K. (2021). Resolving the elephant in the brain drain: Push-pull factors and skilled migration from developing countries. World Development, 141, 105384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105384
Bilecen, B., & Van Mol, C. (2022). The motivations and their conditions which drive students to seek higher education in a foreign country. Migration Studies.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Dustmann, C., Schönberg, U., & Stuhler, J. (2022). The impact of immigration: Why do studies reach such different results? American Economic Review, 112(3), 687–727. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201425
Gamage, H. R., & Wickramasinghe, V. (2023). Push and pull factors of brain drain in South Asia: Evidence from Sri Lanka and Indonesia. International Journal of Manpower, 44(2), 345–362. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-05-2022-0245
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
Hidayat, R., & Rahman, A. (2022). Motivasi migrasi Generasi Z di Indonesia: Studi kasus Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 8(1), 45–62.
Investigating immigration motivations among IT graduates from Generation Y and Z: Qualitative and quantitative research in Morocco. (2025). IBIMA Business Review.
Khadse, K. (2020). Brain drain of health professionals from India: Motivational factors and policy implications. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 21(4), 1245–1263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-019-00728-5
Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, 3(1), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.2307/2060063
Mohamed, A., et al. (2022). Determinants and mitigating factors of the brain drain among Egyptian nurses: A mixed-methods study. BMC Nursing, 24(1), 76.
Nguyen, T. T., Tran, T. T., & Le, T. H. (2023). Brain drain among Vietnamese youth: Motivational factors and policy implications. International Migration, 61(2), 150–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13045
Putri, E. E. (2022). Generasi Z dan brain drain: Apa yang mendorong talenta untuk pergi? Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 24(2), 112–125.
Rahman, A., & Susanto, N. (2022). Analisis faktor push-pull terhadap brain drain tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 8(1), 45–62.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). Pearson.
Rueff-Lopes, R., Sayeras, J., & Velasco, F. (2024). Examining the motivations underlying international students’ migration behaviors: The case of Master’s students in Spain. International Migration and Integration, 25, 309–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01072-2
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Sari, D. P., & Pratiwi, I. (2021). Pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap niat brain drain pada karyawan IT di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 23(2), 150–165.
Šlibar, B., Oreški, D., & Klacmer Čalopa, M. (2023). Push and pull factors in brain drain among university students. International Journal of Contemporary Management, 28(1), 65–80.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Susanto, A. B., Santoso, S., & Wijaya, A. (2021). Motivasi intrinsik Generasi Z dalam migrasi tenaga kerja ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 19(2), 201–215.
Todaro, M. P. (1969). A model of labor migration and urban unemployment in less developed countries. American Economic Review, 59(1), 138–148.
Twenge, J. M. (2019). iGen: Why today's super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy—and completely unprepared for adulthood. Atria Books.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. John Wiley & Sons.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Maeswara : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.




